兵马俑的英语导游词
兵马俑的英语导游词EmperorQinShihuang’sMausoleumandtheTerra-cottaWarriorsandHorsesMuseum
EmperorQinShihuanghadYingashissurnameandZhengashisgivenname.HenametothethroneoftheQinatage13，andtookthehelmofthestateatageof2By221B.C.，hehadannexedthesixrivalprincipalitiesofQi，Chu，Yan，Han，ZhaoandWei，andestablishedthefirstfeudalempireinChina’shistory.
Intheyear221B.C.，whenheunifiedthewholecountry，YingZhengstyledhimselfemperor.HenamedhimselfShihuangDi，thefirstemperorinthehopethathislatergenerationsbethesecond，thethirdeventheonehundredthandthousandthemperorsinproperordertocarryonthehereditarysystem.Sincethen，thesupremefeudalrulersofChina’sdynastieshadcontinuedtocallthemselvesHuangDi，theemperor.
Afterhehadannexedtheothersixstates，EmperorQinShihuangabolishedtheenfeoffmentsystemandadoptedtheprefectureandcountysystem.Hestandardizedlegalcodes，writtenlanguage，track，currencies，weightsandmeasures.ToprotectagainstharassmentbytheHunaristocrats.EmperorQinShihuangorderedtheGreatWallbebuilt.Allthesemeasuresplayedanactiveroleineliminatingthecauseofthestateofseparationanddivisionandstrengtheningtheunificationofthewholecountryaswellaspromotionthedevelopmentofeconomyandculture.TheyhadagreatanddeepinfluenceuponChina’s2，000yearoldfeudalsociety.
EmperorQinShihuangorderedthebooksofvariousschoolsburnedexceptthoseoftheQindynasty’shistoryandculture，divinationandmedicinesinanattempttopushhisfeudalautocracyintheideologicalfield.Asaresult，China’sancientclassicshadbeendevastatedanddestroy.Moreover，heonceordered460scholarsbeburiedalive.Thoseeventswerelatercalledinhistory“theburningofbooksandtheburyingofConfucianscholars.”
EmperorQinShihuang，forhisownpleasure，conscribedseveralhundredthousandconvictsandwentinforlarge-scaleconstructionandhadoversevenhundredpalacesbuiltintheGuanzhongPlain.Thesepalacesstretchedseveralhundredliandhesoughtpleasurefromonepalacetotheother.Oftennobodyknewwhereherangingtreasuresinsidethetomb，wereenclosedalive.
EmperorQinShihuang’sMausoleumhasnotyetbeenexcavated.Whatlookslikeinsidecouldnolybeknownwhenitisopened.However，thethreepitsoftheterra-cottawarriotexcavatedoutsidetheeastgateoftheouterenclosureofthenecropoliscanmakeoneimaginehowmagnificentandluxuriousthestructureofEmperorQinShihuang’sMausoleumwas.
No.1PitwasstumbleduponinMarch1974whenvillagersofXiyangVillageofYanzhaitownship，LintongCounty，sankawell5kmeastofthemausoleum.In1976，No.2and3Pitswerefound20mnorthofNo.1Pitrespectivelyafterthedrillingsurvey.Theterra-cottawarriorsandhorsesarearrayedaccordingtotheQindynastybattleformation，symbolizingthetroopskeepingvigilbesidethemausoleum.Thisdiscoveryarousedmuchinterestbothathomeandabroad.In1975，amuseum，housingthesiteofNo.1andcoveringanareaof16，300squaremeterswasbuiltwiththepermissionoftheStateCouncil.ThemuseumwasformallyopenedtopubliconOct.1，theNationalDay，1979.
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